Statistics of Mentally retarded in USA

Statistics of Mentally retarded in USA





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Statistics of Mentally retarded in USA
Posted in 2015

Specific Rates of Mental Retardation -- United States, 1993

Mental retardation (MR) is the most common developmental disability and ranks first among chronic conditions causing major activity limitations among persons in the United States . National and state-specific surveillance to measure the prevalence of MR can assist in targeting areas of need and allocating resources. State-specific prevalences for MR can be determined by using data about persons who receive specialized services for MR through entitlement programs. To estimate state-specific prevalences of MR in 1993, data were analyzed from the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) for children with MR who were enrolled in special education programs and from the Social Security Administration (SSA) for adults with MR. * This report summarizes the findings, which suggest substantial state-specific variation in the prevalence of MR in the United States.
For children, the analysis was based on data in reports from the DOE, which included the number of children aged 6-17 years who because of MR were enrolled in special education programs (either Chapter 1 or Part B) during school year 1993-94. For this data set, MR was defined as "... a significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, with deficits in adaptive behavior".
For adults aged 18-64 years, the analysis was based on SSA data from 1993. The SSA defines MR as "... significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, with deficits in adaptive behavior initially manifested during the developmental period (before age 22)" (4). The SSA database includes adults with MR who received Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and/or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI). To be eligible to receive SSA benefits for MR (and, therefore, be included in the SSA database), adults must have had an intelligence quotient (IQ) of less than or equal to 59 or an IQ of 60-70 with other physical or mental impairment(s) resulting in additional and substantial work-related limitations of function. All persons receiving SSA benefits also must meet income-resource eligibility requirements .
The numbers of children and adults identified through DOE reports and the SSA database in each state and the District of Columbia were combined to estimate the total population with MR. Prevalences of MR were calculated for children by using the total number of children aged 6-17 years in each state and for adults, by using the total number of persons aged 18-64 years. The 1990 census was used as a source for state population estimates and demographic data (i.e., median household income, percentage of total births to teenaged mothers, and percentage of adults aged greater than or equal to 18 years with less than a ninth-grade education). Multiple linear regression was used to determine the amount of variability in the state MR rates that could be attributed to those three socioeconomic factors.


In 1993, an estimated 1.5 million persons aged 6-64 years in the United States had MR, and the overall rate of MR was 7.6 cases per 1000 population. State-specific rates varied approximately fivefold (range: 3.0 in Alaska to 16.9 in West Virginia) . The 10 states with the highest overall rates of MR were contiguous and located in the East South Central (Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee), South Atlantic (West Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina), West South Central (Arkansas and Louisiana), and East North Central (Ohio) regions. The states with the lowest rates were in the Pacific and Mountain regions.
For children, the MR rate was 11.4 per 1000 and varied approximately ninefold (range: 3.2 in New Jersey to 31.4 in Alabama). For adults, the rate was 6.6 and varied approximately sixfold (range: 2.5 in Alaska to 15.7 in West Virginia). In most (42 {84%}) states, the rate for children was higher than that for adults; in seven (14%) states, the rate for adults was higher, and in two states, both rates were similar. The correlation between state-specific rates for children and for adults was 0.66. Overall, 69% of the state-specific variation in prevalence rates for adults was accounted for by median household income, the percentage of total births to teenaged mothers, and the percentage of the population with less than a ninth-grade education. Low educational attainment was the most important correlate of MR rates among adults.
Reported by: PS Massey, PhD, South Carolina Dept of Disabilities and Special Needs; S McDermott, PhD, Interagency Disability Prevention Program, and Dept of Family and Preventive Medicine, Univ of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia. Disabilities Prevention Program, Office of the Director, and Developmental Disabilities Br, Div of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC.




My advise
1....  Unborn child needs more oxygen to develop all cell of his brain.
2...   The mother has to supply needed oxygen to her child by reducing her body needs.
3...   It is only possible with her healthy food

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